How to grow green glutinous corn? Method for green cultivation of waxy corn

     Waxy Corn is a variety used for fresh food or processed into agricultural by-products. Its high nutritional value and simple cultivation method, how to achieve green cultivation in the planting process? The following small series will tell you in detail.

     1 According to local conditions, choose the appropriate variety

     The varieties of waxy corn have white, yellow, purple, black and multicolored varieties. For the selection of waxy corn varieties, the varieties of the corresponding grain colors should be selected according to the production purpose and market demand. At the same time, it is generally preferred to use a variety of scorpion type, soft taste, pure aroma, consistent ear size, firm and full, tidy grain arrangement and thin seed coat. At present, the varieties available in the Yunnan market include Jingke糯2000, Shijing No.1, Shijie No.2, Zhenyuyu No.1, Yunxiao No.3, Dayuyu No.2, Yunxiao No.4, Dayujing 5 No. 1, Dayujing No. 1, Black No. 1 and other varieties.

     2 Isolation planting to ensure the quality of the cockroach

     When Glutinous Corn and ordinary corn or other types of corn stalks, the pollen sensation will occur, causing the contemporary seeds to become ordinary corn, the amylopectin content is reduced, the original quality is lost, and the value is lost. Therefore, planting must be isolated when planting waxy corn. There are three ways to isolate planting: (1) spatial isolation. At least 100m around the planted glutinous corn field cannot be planted with other types of corn varieties planted at the same time; (2) Natural barrier isolation. Isolation through natural barriers such as villages, woods, and hills; (3) Time isolation. The spring broadcast period is staggered for 30 days, and the summer broadcast is staggered for 25 days.

     3 staged sowing, reasonable arrangement of production season

     The production season should be arranged according to the market demand and scientifically arrange the planting time and area. Because the harvesting period of Fresh Corn is very short, it is generally about 24 to 30 days after pollination, and must be harvested or processed during this period. In order to extend the time of listing and processing, it is necessary to carry out phased sowing and early, middle and late ripening varieties. In low-altitude, high-energy areas such as Xishuangbanna, Dehong, Yuanmou, Yuanjiang and other places can make full use of local light and heat resources, choose to develop late autumn corn or winter corn, can obtain better economic benefits.

     4 Fine soil preparation to improve seeding quality

     4.1 Fine planting of glutinous corn should be carried out in sandy loam soil and loam land with good fertility. Before planting, fine grounding should be done to make the plot reach the level of flatness, fine soil and straight ditch.

     4.2 Timely sowing to master the gentleness and temperament of timely planting is the key to preserving seedlings. Open field cultivation, sowing in early spring to stabilize the ground temperature above 10 °C is suitable for sowing period. If the film mulching technique is adopted, Dali low-altitude areas (up to 1400m above sea level) can be planted in the middle of February, medium-altitude areas (up to 2000m above sea level), and can be planted around mid-March; summer sowing, Dali middle altitude area, Planting should be completed by July 20 at the latest.

     5 Reasonable close planting

     The planting density arrangement of waxy corn should not only consider the high-yield requirements, but also consider the value of the commodity. Planting density is related to variety, use and soil fertility. High stalk and large panicle varieties should be thinly planted and suitable for harvesting tender corn. The general planting density is about 3,500 to 4,500 plants/666.7 m2. In production, it can be cultivated in wide and narrow rows to facilitate ventilation and light transmission and improve photosynthetic efficiency. Generally, the width is 80 to 90 cm, the narrow line is 30 to 40 cm, and the plant spacing is 25 to 31 cm.

     6 Scientific fertilization

     The use of fertilizers shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of NY/T 394 (Guidelines for the Use of Green Food Fertilizers). The application of fertilizers is based on base fertilizers and supplemented by topdressing; organic fertilizers are mainly used, supplemented by chemical fertilizers, and the amount of organic fertilizer is increased to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizers. Apply medium and trace element fertilizers.

     Adding organic fertilizer (including farmyard manure, manure fertilizer, commercial organic fertilizer, etc.) can effectively increase the yield and quality of waxy corn. The principle of fertilization is "the bottom fertilizer is applied to the foot, the seedlings are controlled by the seedlings, the fertilizer is applied again, the fertilizer is applied in the fertilizer field, and the weak seedlings are applied in the field." Fertilization should be carried out by strip application or acupoint application, and deep application into the soil to improve fertilizer utilization. Under normal circumstances, the amount of fertilization per 666.7m2 is: bottom fertilizer, farmyard manure 1500 ~ 2000kg + commercial organic fertilizer 400 ~ 500kg + high-efficiency compound fertilizer (NP- K = 15-15-15) 15 ~ 20kg + nitrogen fertilizer (46% urea) 5 ~ 10kg + zinc fertilizer 1kg; seedling fertilizer, in the 5 ~ 6 leaves, see the seedlings apply urea 5 ~ 10kg; panicle fertilizer, when the 8th ~ 9 leaves fully unfolded, apply high-efficiency compound fertilizer 15 ~ 20kg + urea 10 ~ 15kg.

     7 Strengthening field management

     7.1 Check the seedlings to fill the gaps, the seedlings, and the seedlings to find out the seedlings in time to fill the gaps. It should be sooner or later to transplant the seedlings, and should not be too small. It is best to fill the seedlings in 1~3 leaves, and it can grow synchronously with other seedlings; the seedlings transplanted after 4 leaves tend to grow slowly, become old seedlings, small ears, and even empty stalks. Seedlings during 3 to 4 leaves prevent seedlings from growing out and grow into thin and tall seedlings. 6 to 7 leaf stage seedlings, 1 set per hole. When the seedlings and the seedlings are set, go to the small and stay big, and go weak and stay strong.

     7.2 The cultivating and weeding should be carried out for the first time in the intercropping and seedling planting. It should be shallow and not deep. The depth of cultivating should be 5~7cm, mainly sedge, loosening the surface layer and promoting root growth. The second cultivating combined with application of panicle fertilizer, the main task of weeding, soil cultivation, if the film cultivation needs to first uncover the film and then cultivating.

     7.3 Removal of tillers and excess ears The glutinous maize varieties generally have more tillers, and these tillers are not only unable to form ear, but also affect the yield and quality.

The tiller should be removed in time during the jointing period. In production, there will be a leaf-to-spot phenomenon in the land with good water and fertilizer conditions, and it should be removed in time. Only 1 to 2 ears can be left to prevent spikelets or reduce production and reduce income.

     7.4 Field water management The water requirement of corn is similar to that of ordinary corn. Pay attention to anti-staining during seedling stage and prevent drought in the middle and late stages. 5~6 leaf control water control fertilizer seedlings, soil moisture should be maintained at 60-65% of field water holding capacity; after jointing, soil moisture should be maintained at 75-80% of field water holding capacity. After the seedling stage and heading flowering, watering or watering should be done in time in case of drought, especially after the ear spit and the harvest period, to prevent the ear from being bald. Rainy weather should be drained in time to prevent flooding and stains.

     8 timely prevention of pests and diseases

     The stalk and ear nutrient content of waxy corn are higher than that of common corn, so it is more susceptible to various pests and diseases and affect the commerciality of the ear. As a direct edible product, fresh glutinous corn must strictly control the application of chemical pesticides. It is advisable to prevent early treatment early. It is not advisable to spray pesticides after tasseling.

     8.1 Disease prevention and control The main diseases in Yunnan include rust, gray spot disease, large and small spot disease, and sheath blight. In addition to the selection of resistant varieties, the control measures can be replaced by rotation, deep mites, and field diseases. Residues reduce the number of pathogens. Chemical control: rust, spray with triazolone wettable powder. Gray spot,

Size and spot disease can be selected from carbendazim, chlorothalonil, difenoconazole, methyl thiophanate and other chemical agents, spray at the beginning of the disease, spray once every 7d, two times in a row. For sheath blight, 5% Jinggangmycin can be sprayed.

     8.2 Pest Control Common insect pests include earthworms, corn borers, and aphids. The first is to use physical control to place solar insecticidal lamps and sexual attractants in the field to trap adult insects and reduce the number of insect sources. The second is biological control, using natural enemies such as Trichogramma, bee, ladybug, and scorpion flies to control corn borer and aphids; third is chemical control, for underground pests such as ground tigers, 48% lesbian oil or 50% can be used. The phoxim cream is poured into the hole. Corn borer, Bt emulsion, 90% crystal trichlorfon, 5% avermectin, can be used in the big bell mouth. Aphids were sprayed with 10% imidacloprid spray.

     9 Harvest at the right time

     Eat tender ears, the best in the milk ripening period. The judgment of milk maturity should be 24 to 30 days after pollination from the time of appearance; from the appearance, when the top of the ear of the ear is pinched, it feels loose. The premature dry matter and various nutrients are insufficient, the yield is low, the cockroach is poor, and the benefit is low. When the harvest is too late, the grain becomes hard and the taste is poor.

     At present, no matter whether it is vegetables or fruits, people require green planting, but pesticides are inseparable from pesticides and fertilizers. Green planting has become a problem for all growers. The above is a small-scale method for green cultivation of waxy corn. It is helpful to all growers.